Kasamalidwe ka anapiye tsiku ndi tsiku amakhudzana ndi kuswa kwa anapiye komanso momwe famu imagwirira ntchito bwino.Nyengo yachisanu ndi yozizira, zachilengedwe zimakhala zosauka, ndipo chitetezo cha anapiye ndi chochepa.Kasamalidwe ka nkhuku tsiku ndi tsiku m'nyengo yozizira kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa, ndipo chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kupewa kuzizira ndi kutentha, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kudyetsa mwasayansi, ndi kukonza anapiye.onjezerani kawetedwe ka nkhuku ndikuonjezera phindu lachuma poweta.Choncho, nkhaniyi ikupereka njira zoyendetsera anapiye tsiku ndi tsiku kuti alimi azigwiritsa ntchito.
Malo obereketsa
Khola la nkhuku nthawi zambiri limatenthedwa ndi chitofu, koma chimney chiyenera kuikidwa kuti asatengeke ndi mpweya.Chimney chikhoza kukulitsidwa moyenerera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, kuti athe kuwongolera kutentha kokwanira ndikupulumutsa mphamvu.Nthawi yowunikira imakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa nkhuku.Kuphatikiza pa kuwala kwachilengedwe kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, zida zowunikira zopangira ziyenera kukonzekera.Choncho, muziyika mizere iwiri yowunikira mu khola la nkhuku, ndipo mutu wa nyali uyenera kuikidwa pa mamita atatu aliwonse, kuti pakhale babu imodzi pa 20 mita imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwake kukhale 2 mamita kuchokera pansi. .Nthawi zambiri, nyali za incandescent zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Okonzeka ndi zida zofunika zoyeretsera ndi zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga wochapira wopondereza ndi opopera tizilombo.
Khola liyenera kukhala lolimba komanso lolimba, bedi la ukonde likhale losalala komanso lathyathyathya, ndipo kutalika kwake kumadalira kutalika kwa khola la nkhuku.Bedi lonse la ukonde siliyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu la anapiye.Bedi lonse la ukonde likhoza kupatulidwa kukhala nyumba zingapo zosiyana za nkhuku zokhala ndi mapepala apulasitiki, ndipo gawo limodzi la bedi la ukonde ndilogwiritsidwa ntchito.Pambuyo pake, malo ogwiritsira ntchito adzakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono pamene anapiye akukula kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za kachulukidwe.Madzi akumwa ndi zida zodyera ziyenera kukhala zokwanira kuti anapiye amwe madzi ndi kudya chakudya.Nthawi imene anapiye 50 akusalira amafunikira wakumwa ndi wodyetsa m'modzi pa anapiye 50, ndipo anapiye 30 aliwonse akatha masiku 20 akubadwa ayenera kumwa.
kukonzekera mwanapiye
Masiku 12 mpaka 15 musanalowe mu anapiye, yeretsani manyowa a nkhuku, yeretsani akasupe akumwa ndi zodyera, kutsuka makoma, denga, bedi, pansi, ndi zina zotero. fufuzani ndi kusamalira zipangizo za khola la nkhuku;9 mpaka 11 masiku asanalowe mu anapiye Poyambirira mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nkhuku, kuphatikizapo mabedi, pansi, akasupe akumwa, zodyetsa, ndi zina zotero, zitseko ndi mazenera ndi mawindo olowera mpweya ayenera kutsekedwa panthawi ya disinfection, mazenera ayenera kutsegulidwa kwa mpweya wabwino. pambuyo pa maola 10, ndipo zitseko ndi mawindo ziyenera kutsekedwa pambuyo pa maola 3 mpaka 4 a mpweya wabwino.Pa nthawi yomweyi, kasupe wakumwa ndi wodyetsa amanyowetsedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;wachiwiri disinfection ikuchitika masiku 4 mpaka 6 asanalowe anapiye, ndi 40% formaldehyde amadzimadzi njira 300 nthawi madzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Yang'anani kutentha musanaphedwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuti kutentha kwa nkhuku kufikire 26 Pamwamba pa ℃, chinyezi chikhale pamwamba pa 80%, kupopera tizilombo kuyenera kukhala kokwanira, palibe nsonga zakufa, ndipo zitseko ndi mawindo ziyenera kutsekedwa kupitirira 36. maola pambuyo disinfection, ndiyeno kutsegula kwa mpweya wabwino kwa osachepera maola 24;Mabedi amasiyanitsidwa bwino ndikusiyanitsidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa masheya a 30 mpaka 40 pa sikweya mita mu sabata yoyamba ya nthawi yakukula.Kutenthetsa (kutenthetsa makoma ndi pansi) ndi chinyezi kuyenera kuchitika masiku atatu anapiye asanakwane m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo kutentha kusanachitike kuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 35 ° C.Pa nthawi yomweyi, katoni imayikidwa pa bedi la mesh kuti anapiye asamazizira.Kutenthetsa ndi kunyowetsa kusanachitike, anapiye amatha kulowetsedwa.
Kuwongolera matenda
Tsatirani mfundo ya "kupewa koyamba, chithandizo chowonjezera, komanso kupewa kofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchiza", makamaka matenda ena opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi, ayenera kulandira katemera nthawi zonse.1 tsiku, attenuated katemera Marek a matenda anabayidwa subcutaneously;Katemera wa masiku 7 wa matenda a chitopa a clone 30 kapena IV anaperekedwa kudzera m'mphuno ndipo 0.25 ml ya katemera wa Newcastle oil-emulsion wa inactivated anabayidwa nthawi imodzi;10-day zakubadwa matenda bronchitis, aimpso bronchitis Kumwa madzi wapawiri katemera;14 wazaka bursal polyvalent katemera kumwa madzi;Mbeu ya minga ya masiku 21;Wamasiku 24, katemera wa bursal akumwa madzi;30-day, Newcastle disease IV mzere kapena clone 30 chitetezo chachiwiri;Masiku 35 zakubadwa, matenda opatsirana, ndi aimpso abscess chitetezo chachiwiri.Katemera zomwe zili pamwambazi sizinakhazikitsidwe, ndipo alimi atha kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa katemera wina malinga ndi momwe miliri imakhalira.
Popewa komanso kuwongolera matenda a nkhuku, chithandizo chamankhwala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri.Kwa nkhuku zosakwana masiku 14, cholinga chachikulu ndi kuteteza ndi kulamulira pullorum, ndipo 0,2% kamwazi ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya, kapena chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, ndi zina zotero.Pakatha masiku 15, yang'anani kwambiri za kupewa coccidiosis, ndipo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito amprolium, diclazuril, ndi clodipidine mosinthana.Ngati m'deralo muli mliri waukulu, kupewa mankhwala kuyeneranso kuchitika.Viralin ndi mankhwala ena oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda aku China angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus, koma maantibayotiki ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi kuti apewe matenda achiwiri.
Brood management
Gawo loyamba
Anapiye amasiku 1-2 akuyenera kuikidwa m'khola la nkhuku mwamsanga, ndipo sayenera kuikidwa pa bedi la ukonde atangolowa m'nyumba.Pabedi la ukonde.Katemera akatha, anapiye amapatsidwa madzi kwa nthawi yoyamba.Kwa sabata yoyamba yakumwa, anapiye amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda pafupifupi 20 ° C, ndikuwonjezera mavitamini osiyanasiyana m'madzimo.Sungani madzi okwanira kuti mwanapiye aliyense amwe madzi.
Anapiye amadya koyamba.Asanadye, amamwa madzi kamodzi ndi 40,000 IU potaziyamu permanganate yothetsera disinfection ndi excretion wa meconium kuyeretsa matumbo.Pambuyo pa maola atatu akumwa madzi kwa nthawi yoyamba, mukhoza kudyetsa chakudya.Chakudyacho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi chakudya chapadera cha anapiye.Poyamba, idyani 5 mpaka 6 pa tsiku.Kwa nkhuku zofooka, idyetseni kamodzi usiku, ndipo pang'onopang'ono musinthe katatu mpaka kanayi pa tsiku.Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha anapiye kuyenera kutsatiridwa molingana ndi momwe amadyetsera.Kudyetsa kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, mochulukira komanso moyenera, komanso madzi akumwa aukhondo ayenera kusamalidwa.Zizindikiro zopatsa thanzi za chakudya cha anapiye ndi mapuloteni osalimba 18% -19%, mphamvu 2900 kcal pa kilogalamu, ulusi wamafuta - 3% -5%, mafuta osakhwima 2.5%, calcium 1% -1.1%, phosphorous 0.45%, methionine 0.45%, lysine Asidi 1.05%.Chakudya chilinganizo: (1) chimanga 55.3%, soya chakudya 38%, calcium hydrogen mankwala 1.4%, mwala ufa 1%, mchere 0,3%, mafuta 3%, zowonjezera 1%;(2) chimanga 54.2%, soya chakudya 34%, rapeseed chakudya 5%%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5%, mwala ufa 1%, mchere 0,3%, mafuta 3%, zowonjezera 1%;(3) chimanga 55.2%, soya chakudya 32%, nsomba chakudya 2%, rapeseed chakudya 4%, calcium hydrogen mankwala 1.5%, Stone ufa 1%, mchere 0,3%, mafuta 3%, zowonjezera 1%.Kuyambira 11 magalamu patsiku ali ndi tsiku limodzi mpaka pafupifupi 248 magalamu patsiku ali ndi masiku 52, pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa magalamu 4 mpaka 6 patsiku, kudyetsa nthawi yake tsiku lililonse, ndikuzindikira kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku malinga ndi nkhuku zosiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwake.
Pakadutsa masiku 1 mpaka 7 ataswana, aloleni anapiye adye momasuka.Tsiku loyamba limafuna kudyetsa maola awiri aliwonse.Samalani kudyetsa pang'ono ndikuwonjezera pafupipafupi.Samalani kusintha kwa kutentha m'nyumba ndi ntchito za anapiye nthawi iliyonse.Kutentha kuli koyenera, ngati kwawunjikana, kumatanthauza kutentha kwambiri.Pofuna kutenthetsa nthawi ya mvula, mpweya wa mpweya suyenera kukhala waukulu kwambiri, koma pamene mpweya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri, mpweya wabwino uyenera kulimbikitsidwa, ndipo mpweya wabwino ukhoza kuchitika pamene kutentha kunja kwa nyumba kumakhala kokwera masana. tsiku lililonse.Kwa masiku 1 mpaka 2 a kulima, kutentha m'nyumba kuyenera kusungidwa pamwamba pa 33 ° C ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala 70%.Kuwala kwa maola 24 kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa masiku awiri oyambirira, ndipo mababu a 40-watt incandescent ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito powunikira.
Anapiye amasiku 3 mpaka 4 amatsitsa kutentha mnyumba kufika 32 °C kuyambira tsiku lachitatu, ndikusunga chinyezi pakati pa 65% ndi 70%.Chimney ndi mpweya wabwino, kuteteza poizoni wa gasi, zimafunika kudyetsa maola atatu aliwonse, ndi kuchepetsa kuwala ndi ola limodzi pa tsiku lachitatu, ndikusunga maola 23 a kuwala.
Nkhuku zimatemera pakatha masiku asanu ndi katemera wa chitopa pakhosi.Kuyambira tsiku la 5, kutentha kwa nyumbayo kunasinthidwa kukhala 30 ℃ ~ 32 ℃, ndi chinyezi chachibale chimasungidwa pa 65%.Patsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi, pamene kudyetsa kumayamba, adasinthidwa kukhala thireyi yodyetsera nkhuku, ndipo 1/3 ya thireyi yotseguka idasinthidwa tsiku lililonse.Dyetsani kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku, muzimitsa magetsi kwa maola 2 usiku ndikusunga kuwala kwa maola 22.Malo a bedi la ukonde adakulitsidwa kuyambira tsiku la 7 kuti kuchulukana kwa anapiye kukhala 35 pa lalikulu mita.
siteji yachiwiri
Kuyambira tsiku la 8 mpaka 14, kutentha kwa khola la nkhuku kunatsitsidwa mpaka 29 ° C.Pa tsiku la 9, mavitamini osiyanasiyana adawonjezeredwa m'madzi akumwa a anapiye kuti ateteze nkhuku.1 dontho la nkhuku.Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kasupe wakumwawo analoŵedwa m’malo pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chinayi, ndipo kasupe wakumwa wa anapiye anachotsedwa ndi kuloŵedwa m’malo ndi kasupe wakumwa wa nkhuku zazikulu, ndipo kasupe wakumwawo anasinthidwa kukhala utali woyenerera.Panthawi imeneyi, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kuona kutentha, chinyezi, ndi mpweya wabwino, makamaka usiku, ayenera kulabadira ngati pali vuto kupuma phokoso.Kuyambira tsiku la 8, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kugawidwa pafupipafupi.Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosinthasintha malinga ndi kulemera kwa nkhuku.Nthawi zambiri, palibe malire pa kuchuluka kwa chakudya.Siyenera kutsalira mukatha kudya.Dyetsani 4 mpaka 6 pa tsiku, ndipo pa tsiku la 13 mpaka 14 ma Multivitamins adawonjezeredwa m'madzi akumwa, ndipo nkhuku zimatetezedwa pa tsiku la 14, pogwiritsa ntchito Faxinling pa katemera wa drip.Omwa amayenera kutsukidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi ma multivitamins m'madzi akumwa akatha katemera.Panthawiyi, dera la bedi la ukonde liyenera kukulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kukula kwa nkhuku, pamene kutentha kwa nkhuku kuyenera kusungidwa pa 28 ° C ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala 55%.
Gawo lachitatu
Anapiye a masiku 15-22 anapitiriza kumwa madzi a vitamini kwa tsiku la 15, ndikulimbitsa mpweya wabwino m'nyumba.Pa tsiku la 17 mpaka 18, gwiritsani ntchito madzi a peracetic acid 0.2% kuti mutenthetse nkhuku, ndipo pa tsiku la 19, m'malo mwa nkhuku zazikulu.Samalani kuti musalowetse zonse nthawi imodzi posintha, ziyenera kusinthidwa m'masiku anayi, ndiye kuti, 1/4 chakudya cha nkhuku zazikulu chinasinthidwa ndi chakudya cha anapiye ndikusakaniza ndikudyetsedwa mpaka tsiku la 4 pamene zonse zidasinthidwa. ndi chakudya cha nkhuku zazikulu.Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwa nkhuku kumayenera kutsika pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pa 28 ° C pa tsiku la 15 kufika pa 26 ° C pa tsiku la 22, ndi dontho la 1 ° C m'masiku awiri, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kusungidwa pa 50%. mpaka 55%.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi kukula kwa nkhuku, dera la bedi la ukonde limakulitsidwa kuti chiwerengero cha masheya chikhale pa 10 pa square mita imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwa wakumwa kumasinthidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa za kukula kwa nkhuku.Zikakwanitsa masiku 22, nkhuku zinkalandira katemera wa Newcastle matenda a mitundu inayi, ndipo nthawi yowala ankasunga maola 22.Patatha masiku 15, kuyatsa kunasinthidwa kuchoka pa 40 watts kufika pa 15 watts.
Anapiye amasiku 23-26 ayenera kusamala za kuwongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi akalandira katemera.Nkhuku ziyenera kutsekedwa kamodzi pakatha masiku 25 zakubadwa, ndipo super multidimensional imawonjezeredwa kumadzi akumwa.Pakadutsa masiku 26, kutentha m'nyumba kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika 25 ° C, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kuchepetsedwa.Kuwongoleredwa pa 45% mpaka 50%.
Anapiye amasiku 27-34 akuyenera kulimbitsa kasamalidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo amayenera kupitsidwa mpweya pafupipafupi.Ngati kutentha mu khola la nkhuku kuli kokwera kwambiri, makatani amadzi ozizira ndi mafani otulutsa mpweya ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa.Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwa chipinda kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuchokera ku 25 ° C mpaka 23 ° C, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kusungidwa pa 40% mpaka 45%.
Kuyambira masiku 35 mpaka kuphedwa, sikuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse nkhuku zikakula mpaka zaka 35.Mpweya wolowera m’nyumba uyenera kulimbikitsidwa, ndipo kutentha kwa khola la nkhuku kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika pa 22 °C kuyambira zaka 36 zakubadwa.Kuyambira masiku 35 mpaka kupha nkhuku, kuwala kwa maola 24 kuyenera kusungidwa tsiku lililonse kuti muwonjezere kudya kwa nkhuku.Zikafika masiku 37, nkhuku zimatsekeredwa kamodzi.Pakadutsa masiku 40, kutentha kwa nkhuku kumatsitsidwa mpaka 21 ° C ndikusungidwa mpaka kuphedwa.Pa zaka 43 masiku, otsiriza disinfection nkhuku ikuchitika.Kilogram.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-18-2022